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python实现12306登录并保存cookie的方法示例

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简介经过倒腾12306的登录,还是实现了,请求头很重要...各位感兴趣的可以继续写下去.....import sysimport timeimport requestsfrom PIL import Imageimport jsonimport osimport Headersimport

经过倒腾12306的登录,还是实现了,请求头很重要...各位感兴趣的可以继续写下去.....

import sys
import time
import requests
from PIL import Image
import json
import os
import Headers
import SessionUtil
import UrlUtils
 
class Ticket(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self.answer = {
      "1": "40,40",
      "2": "110,40",
      "3": "180,40",
      "4": "260,40",
      "5": "40,120",
      "6": "110,120",
      "7": "180,120",
      "8": "260,120",
    }
    self.answer_code=''
    self.tk = ''
 
  def getDEVICEID(self):
    r = requests.get(UrlUtils.DEVICE_url, headers=Headers.BaseHead).text
    try:
      dic = json.loads(r[18:-2].replace(" ", ""))
    except Exception:
      return ""
    return dic
 
  # 初始化 获取设备id 设置为cookie 必须
  def initialize(self):
    dic = self.getDEVICEID()
    if dic == "":
      print("网络获取指纹失败!使用默认id")
      RAIL_EXPIRATION = "1576651914389"
      RAIL_DEVICEID = "lBJStCNl0YGo_HVkGtwOo2LWziXcwzpIk5gc2vAILNYdRfaeZ04nJtZ1JZwgQIssMDksn10rAz6Hz-bekeufhAusaKJId8f2BCg05ocgrzc8-chv8h4IB-lQ9H04XjLXr2fbnHw-SLZga3PewEfgPz2s-mhp7NAz"
    else:
      print("网络获取指纹成功!")
      RAIL_EXPIRATION = dic["exp"]
      RAIL_DEVICEID = dic['dfp']
    SessionUtil.setCookie("RAIL_EXPIRATION", RAIL_EXPIRATION)
    SessionUtil.setCookie("RAIL_DEVICEID", RAIL_DEVICEID)
 
  def conf(self):
    res = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Conf_url, data=None, headers=Headers.ConFHeader)
 
  def uamtkstatic(self):
    data = {
      'appid': 'otn'
    }
    SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.UamtkStatic_url, data=data, headers=Headers.UamtkStaticHead)
 
  def get_img_code(self):
    try:
      img = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Down_mg_url, headers=Headers.BaseHead).content
      with open('code.jpg', 'wb') as f:
        f.write(img)
    except Exception:
      print("下载图片错误! 等待重试~~")
      time.sleep(1)
      self.get_img_code()
 
  def check_img(self):
    try:
      Image.open('code.jpg').show()
    except Exception:
      time.sleep(2)
      Image.open('code.jpg').show()
    print("+---1-------+----------+----------+----------+")
    print("|  1   |  2   |  3   |  4   |")
    print("|----------|----------|----------|----------|")
    print("|  5   |  6   |  7   |  8   |")
    print("+----------+----------+----------+----------+")
    input_code = input("请在1—8中选择输入验证图片编号，以半角','隔开。(例如：1,3,5):")
    answer_code = ''
    try:
      for i in input_code.split(','):
        answer_code += ',' + self.answer[i] if (i is not input_code[0]) else self.answer[i]
    except Exception as e:
      print('输入错误请重新输入!')
      self.check_img()
    data = {
      'answer': answer_code,
      'rand': 'sjrand',
      'login_site': 'E',
    }
    response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Check_img_url, params=data, headers=Headers.BaseHead, )
    check_result = json.loads(response.text)
    print(check_result)
    try:
      if check_result['result_code'] == '4':
        print('*' * 20 + '验证码正确' + '*' * 20)
        self.answer_code=answer_code
      else:
        self.get_img_code()
        self.check_img()
    except Exception:
      self.get_img_code()
      self.check_img()
 
  # 校验密码正确
  def login(self, answer_code):
    user = ''
    password = ''
    try:
      with open("user.conf", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        user = f.readline().strip().replace("[", '').replace("]", '').replace("name=", '')
        password = f.readline().strip().replace("[", '').replace("]", '').replace("pwd=", '')
        if user == "" or password == "":
          raise Exception
    except Exception:
      user = input("账号____:")
      password = input("密码____:")
 
    formdata = {
      'username': user,
      'password': password,
      'appid': 'otn',
      'answer': answer_code
    }
    login_result = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Login_url, data=formdata, headers=Headers.BaseHead)
    login_result.encoding = 'utf-8'
    login_result = login_result.json()
    print(login_result)
    if login_result["result_code"] != 0: #{'result_message': '登录名不存在。', 'result_code': 1}
      sys.exit(0)
 
  # 二次校验
  def userLogin(self):
    # 获取一系列的cookie值才能真正的登录成功
    response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.UserLogin_url, headers=Headers.UserLoginHead)
    # 更新JSESSIONID route
    response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Redirect_UserLogin_Url, headers=Headers.RedirectHead)
 
  def uamtk(self):
    # 获取 tk 下一个请求需要提交 tk 值
    data = {'appid': 'otn'}
    uamtk_page = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Uamtk_url, data=data, headers=Headers.UamtkHeader)
    uamtk_page.encoding = 'utf-8'
    try:
      result = uamtk_page.json()
      print(result)
      if result['result_code'] != 0:
        raise Exception(result['result_message'])
      tk = result['newapptk']
      self.tk = tk
    except Exception:
      print("获取tk失败!")
      print("重试")
      self.run()
 
  def Uamauthclient(self):
    data = {'tk': self.tk}
    response = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Uamauthclient_url, data=data,
                      headers=Headers.UamauthclientHeader)
    res = response.text
    try:
      dic = json.loads(res)
      print(dic)
      print(dic["username"] + ",欢迎登录!")
    except:
      print("登录失败!")
      self.run()
    # '{"result_code":0,"result_message":"验证通过","username":"XXX","apptk":"36yslXHez3_68-LtHvhI61mZkranjdw6kT9j4UMwEqrw1w0"}'
 
  def saveCookie(self):
    SessionUtil.save_cookies("12306cookies.txt")
 
  def getInfo(self):
 
    try:
      re = SessionUtil.session.post("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/modifyUser/initQueryUserInfoApi",
                     headers=Headers.UserInfoHead)
      print(re.text)
    except:
      print("获取失败")
 
  def run(self):
    self.initialize()
    self.conf()
    self.uamtkstatic()
    self.get_img_code()
    self.check_img()
    self.login(self.answer_code)
    self.userLogin()
    self.uamtk()
    self.Uamauthclient()
    self.saveCookie()
    self.conf()
    self.getInfo()
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
  t = Ticket()
  result = "":
  try:
     with open("12306cookies.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") as fr:
      result = fr.read()
   except Exception:
     pass
  if result != "":
    SessionUtil.load_cookies("12306cookies.txt")
    t.initialize()
    t.conf()
    t.uamtkstatic()
    t.userLogin()
    t.uamtk()
    t.Uamauthclient()
    t.getInfo()
  else:
    t.run()

Headers:

BaseHead = {
  "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
  "Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
  "Referer": "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html"
}
 
UserLoginHead = {
  "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
  'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
  'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html',
  'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
  'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
  'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
}
RedirectHead = {
  "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
  'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html',
  'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
  'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
  'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
 
}
 
UamtkHeader = {
  "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
  'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
  'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
  "Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
  'Referer': r'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
  "Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
  "Referer": "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html"
}
 
UamtkStaticHead = {
  "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
  'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
  'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html',
}
 
UserInfoHead = {
  "Accept": "*/*",
  "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
  "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
  "Cache-Control": "no-cache",
  "Connection": "keep-alive",
  "Content-Length": "0",
  "Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
  "Origin": "https://kyfw.12306.cn",
  "Pragma": "no-cache",
  "Referer": "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/view/information.html",
  "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "cors",
  "Sec-Fetch-Site": "same-origin",
  "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36",
  "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest",
}

SessionUtil

import requests
import urllib3
from http import cookiejar
urllib3.disable_warnings()
session = requests.Session()
session.verify = False # 取消验证 SSL
 
def setCookie(key,value):
  session.cookies.set(key,value)
 
 
def removeCookies(key=None):
  session.cookies.set(key, None) if key else session.cookies.clear()
 
 
def load_cookies(cookie_path="12306cookies.txt"):
  load_cookiejar = cookiejar.LWPCookieJar()
  load_cookiejar.load(cookie_path, ignore_discard=True, ignore_expires=True)
  load_cookies = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(load_cookiejar)
  session.cookies = requests.utils.cookiejar_from_dict(load_cookies)
 
def save_cookies(cookie_path="12306cookies.txt"):
  new_cookie_jar = cookiejar.LWPCookieJar(cookie_path)
  requests.utils.cookiejar_from_dict({c.name: c.value for c in session.cookies}, new_cookie_jar)
  new_cookie_jar.save(cookie_path, ignore_discard=True, ignore_expires=True)

UrlUtils

import time
DEVICE_url= 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/HttpZF/logdevice"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/initMy12306Api"[/mw_shl_code]

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。

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